Jewish Mexico Metropolis Tour units the stage for this enthralling narrative, providing readers a fascinating journey by means of the colourful tapestry of Jewish life within the metropolis. From historic synagogues to fashionable cultural facilities, this exploration delves into the wealthy historical past, vibrant tradition, and enduring spirit of the Jewish neighborhood. It is a story of resilience, adaptation, and the enduring energy of neighborhood.
This tour offers a complete overview of the Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis, tracing its evolution by means of historical past. We’ll look at the architectural gems, discover the distinctive culinary traditions, and join with the area people, revealing the multifaceted nature of this fascinating group. The tour itinerary encompasses historic websites, cultural experiences, and scrumptious culinary adventures, designed to immerse guests within the coronary heart of the Jewish Mexican expertise.
Introduction to Jewish Mexico Metropolis
The colourful tapestry of Mexico Metropolis’s tradition features a important thread woven by its Jewish neighborhood. Their presence, marked by resilience and contributions to the town’s social and mental panorama, is a testomony to the enduring energy of human spirit and the fantastic thing about various communities.This journey into the guts of the Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis reveals a wealthy historical past, a dedication to custom, and a exceptional evolution inside the Mexican context.
From the early settlers to the modern-day neighborhood leaders, their story is one in all adaptation, development, and profound affect on the town.
Overview of the Jewish Group
The Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis is a testomony to the enduring energy of human spirit. It is a neighborhood deeply rooted in its traditions whereas concurrently embracing the colourful tradition of Mexico. Their historical past is one in all each continuity and alter, demonstrating a exceptional potential to adapt and thrive in a brand new land.
Historic Evolution
The primary Jewish presence in Mexico Metropolis dates again to the late nineteenth century, with early immigrants primarily coming from Europe. This preliminary wave was adopted by subsequent waves of immigration, notably after World Battle II, bringing with them a variety of experiences and views. This inflow enriched the neighborhood with numerous cultural traditions and views. The historic evolution is a compelling narrative of perseverance, development, and cultural alternate.
Significance of Synagogues and Establishments, Jewish mexico metropolis tour
Synagogues function extra than simply locations of worship; they’re the guts of the Jewish neighborhood, offering an area for connection, studying, and communal life. These establishments have performed a vital position in sustaining Jewish traditions, supporting academic initiatives, and fostering a way of belonging for generations. They’re central to neighborhood life, offering not solely religious sustenance but additionally a vibrant social hub.
Cultural Contributions
The Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis has made substantial cultural contributions. From the humanities and sciences to enterprise and philanthropy, their impression has been profound and wide-reaching. These contributions have enriched the town’s general cultural mosaic. Their engagement in the neighborhood has been marked by a need to combine whereas sustaining their distinctive cultural id.
Key Historic Occasions
A number of pivotal historic occasions have formed the Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis. The early immigration patterns, the impression of World Battle II, and the evolving social panorama of Mexico have all performed a major position in the neighborhood’s development and growth. Every occasion has left an indelible mark on the neighborhood, influencing its character and values.
Distinguished Figures
Quite a few people have performed important roles within the historical past of the Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis. Their contributions, starting from neighborhood management to philanthropy and mental pursuits, have helped form the neighborhood’s trajectory and id. These people have impressed and guided generations, leaving an everlasting legacy. They’re a vital a part of the narrative of the Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis.
Excursions and Experiences
Unveiling the colourful tapestry of Jewish life in Mexico Metropolis is finest performed by means of immersive experiences. This part delves into curated excursions, highlighting historic websites, culinary delights, and cultural occasions. Embark on a journey that transcends mere sightseeing, providing a profound understanding of this wealthy neighborhood.This exploration gives an opportunity to attach with the tales, traditions, and resilience of the Jewish individuals in Mexico Metropolis.
Uncover how these experiences enrich your understanding of the town’s advanced and interesting historical past.
A 3-Day Immersive Jewish Mexico Metropolis Itinerary
This itinerary offers a style of the town’s Jewish heritage, balancing historic exploration with cultural immersion.
- Day 1: Tracing the Roots – Discover the historic synagogues, studying about their architectural significance and the tales they maintain. Go to the Jewish Museum, gaining insights into the neighborhood’s historical past and traditions. Get pleasure from a standard Mexican-Jewish dinner, mixing culinary traditions.
- Day 2: Culinary Delights – Uncover the colourful culinary scene that displays the neighborhood’s historical past. Take part in a cooking class specializing in Jewish-Mexican fusion delicacies. Go to native markets and discover the distinctive flavors which have advanced over time. Conclude the day with a go to to an area kosher bakery, experiencing the artistry and care that goes into preserving these traditions.
- Day 3: Cultural Immersion – Immerse your self in the neighborhood’s cultural occasions. Attend a Sabbath service at an area synagogue. Interact in conversations with members of the neighborhood to grasp their perspective on residing in Mexico Metropolis. Conclude your journey with a closing reflection, appreciating the importance of Jewish tradition in Mexico.
Should-See Historic Websites
Delving into the historic websites associated to the Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis reveals a wealthy narrative.
- The Templo Mayor: This historic Aztec temple web site offers a historic context for the arrival of Jews in Mexico. The presence of a Jewish neighborhood inside this framework gives a glimpse into the cultural alternate that formed the town’s id.
- Synagogues: A number of synagogues, just like the Templo Israel, provide a profound perception into the architectural and religious evolution of the Jewish neighborhood. These buildings stand as testaments to their resilience and religion.
- Jewish Museum: A complete museum that homes historic artifacts, paperwork, and tales, offering an intimate have a look at the Jewish neighborhood’s journey in Mexico Metropolis.
Sorts of Excursions Obtainable
A wide range of excursions cater to various pursuits.
| Tour Kind | Description |
|---|---|
| Historic | Focuses on the historic context of the Jewish neighborhood, highlighting important occasions and people. |
| Culinary | Embarks on a gastronomic journey, exploring the distinctive culinary fusion of Jewish and Mexican traditions. |
| Cultural | Supplies an immersive expertise into the wealthy cultural practices, traditions, and celebrations of the Jewish neighborhood. |
Tour Operators and Native Guides
A number of operators provide excursions tailor-made to Jewish heritage. Selecting the best operator is essential to a satisfying expertise.
- Native guides play an important position in enriching the expertise. They provide deep insights, offering context and tales that improve understanding and appreciation.
- Completely different operators could specialise in explicit facets of the neighborhood’s heritage, from historic excursions to culinary explorations. Researching operators’ backgrounds and expertise is essential.
Collaborating in Jewish Cultural Occasions
Participating with Jewish cultural occasions gives a firsthand expertise.
- Attend Sabbath companies at synagogues for a profound understanding of the neighborhood’s rituals and traditions.
- Take part in neighborhood festivals, celebrations, and occasions to immerse your self within the energetic ambiance and join with native members.
- Interact in conversations with neighborhood members to grasp their perspective on life in Mexico Metropolis and the challenges and triumphs they face.
Cultural and Non secular Websites
Mexico Metropolis’s vibrant Jewish neighborhood has a wealthy historical past, fantastically mirrored in its synagogues and cultural facilities. These websites aren’t simply locations of worship; they’re residing testaments to the neighborhood’s resilience and enduring spirit. From the elegant structure to the heartfelt tales whispered inside their partitions, these areas provide a profound glimpse into Jewish life within the coronary heart of Mexico.These architectural gems, interwoven with the town’s cloth, present a novel and shifting expertise.
They function not solely locations of prayer and examine but additionally as gathering locations, fostering a way of neighborhood and belonging. Jewish cemeteries, with their historic significance and serene ambiance, additional enrich the tapestry of Jewish life within the metropolis.
Synagogues and Jewish Cultural Facilities
The Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis boasts a set of synagogues, every with its personal distinct character. These buildings symbolize various architectural types and historic intervals, reflecting the neighborhood’s development and adaptation. These will not be merely buildings; they’re residing repositories of Jewish historical past, custom, and neighborhood.
- Beth Israel Synagogue: This outstanding synagogue, a testomony to the neighborhood’s enduring presence, exemplifies a traditional type of Jewish structure. Its design incorporates parts that echo the wealthy historical past of the neighborhood in Mexico. The synagogue’s inside usually hosts cultural occasions and neighborhood gatherings. Its presence serves as a focus for the native Jewish neighborhood.
- Temple Israel: A contemporary architectural masterpiece, this synagogue showcases a recent interpretation of Jewish design rules. Its smooth strains and open areas create a welcoming ambiance for worshippers of all ages. The congregation is actively concerned in neighborhood service, making the temple an important a part of the neighborhood.
- Different synagogues: The town hosts different synagogues, every with its personal architectural type and distinctive historic context, providing a wealthy tapestry of Jewish architectural traditions.
Architectural Types and Historic Context
The architectural types of those synagogues range, reflecting the completely different eras and influences shaping the Jewish neighborhood. Some are in-built a traditional type, harking back to European synagogues, whereas others incorporate fashionable design parts, adapting to the up to date context.
- Basic type synagogues: These usually characteristic intricate particulars, wealthy supplies, and a way of historic grandeur. They mirror the neighborhood’s heritage and its connection to its Jewish roots in Europe.
- Trendy type synagogues: These buildings are designed with a recent aesthetic, prioritizing performance and accessibility. Their design incorporates fashionable supplies and spacious layouts, reflecting a extra built-in neighborhood that adapts to the town’s altering dynamics.
Tales and Anecdotes
Every synagogue holds a wealth of tales and anecdotes, usually handed down by means of generations. These narratives present insights into the neighborhood’s experiences, triumphs, and challenges.
- Private accounts: Tales from neighborhood members, reflecting the neighborhood’s journey by means of completely different intervals and the people who formed its historical past, usually embody tales of perseverance, adaptation, and neighborhood spirit.
Jewish Cemeteries
Jewish cemeteries are serene locations, usually located in quiet corners of the town. These hallowed grounds maintain the reminiscences of generations, providing a glimpse into the neighborhood’s historical past.
- Significance of cemeteries: These areas are extra than simply burial grounds; they’re locations of remembrance, reflection, and connection to the previous. They provide a tranquil ambiance the place households will pay their respects and honor their ancestors.
Customs and Traditions
Customs and traditions noticed at these websites range, reflecting the range inside the Jewish neighborhood. These rituals and practices provide a deep understanding of the neighborhood’s religion and cultural heritage.
- Observances: These websites are locations for non secular observances, prayers, and neighborhood gatherings, reflecting the neighborhood’s dedication to their religion and cultural practices.
Comparability Desk
| Synagogue | Measurement | Structure | Group Involvement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beth Israel | Medium | Basic | Excessive |
| Temple Israel | Giant | Trendy | Medium |
| … | … | … | … |
Culinary Experiences: Jewish Mexico Metropolis Tour
A vibrant tapestry of flavors awaits these exploring the Jewish culinary heritage of Mexico Metropolis. This culinary custom, woven from threads of Sephardic and Ashkenazi influences, gives a novel window into the neighborhood’s wealthy historical past and enduring spirit. The flavors, handed down by means of generations, mirror a good looking fusion of custom and adaptation.Jewish Mexicans, very similar to their counterparts throughout the globe, have tailored and advanced their culinary traditions in response to the native surroundings.
This usually means incorporating regional elements and methods, creating a very distinctive and scrumptious expertise. This culinary fusion is a testomony to the neighborhood’s resilience and adaptableness.
Distinctive Culinary Traditions
Jewish Mexican delicacies boasts a particular character, reflecting a mix of Sephardic and Ashkenazi traditions, with a definite Mexican twist. The delicacies showcases a good looking synthesis of elements, recipes, and flavors which can be deeply rooted in the neighborhood’s historical past. Conventional dishes usually embody hearty stews, flavorful pastries, and delectable desserts.
Affect on the Broader Mexican Culinary Panorama
Jewish culinary influences have subtly, but considerably, impacted the broader Mexican culinary panorama. The usage of particular spices, cooking methods, and even the association of meals have discovered their manner into different facets of Mexican delicacies. This integration highlights the interconnectedness of culinary traditions and the alternate of concepts inside the neighborhood.
Eating places Serving Jewish Delicacies in Mexico Metropolis
Numerous eating places in Mexico Metropolis provide genuine Jewish delicacies, catering to each the area people and guests. These institutions present a platform for sharing and preserving these traditions. Discovering these gems could be a rewarding a part of exploring the town’s culinary scene.
- Restaurant A: Identified for its conventional Sephardic dishes, emphasizing contemporary elements and distinctive taste combos. Their emphasis on preserving culinary heritage makes it a must-visit for anybody in search of an genuine style.
- Restaurant B: Famend for its Ashkenazi specialties, highlighting the wealthy historical past of Jewish delicacies from Japanese Europe. The restaurant’s cozy ambiance and dedication to high quality elements make it an distinctive eating expertise.
- Restaurant C: A hidden gem showcasing a fusion of Mexican and Jewish flavors, providing a contemporary interpretation of conventional dishes. This distinctive mix of cultures creates a very unforgettable culinary journey.
Recipes for Common Jewish Dishes
A sampling of conventional Jewish dishes, fastidiously tailored to native tastes, gives a pleasant glimpse into the culinary world. These recipes, handed down by means of generations, symbolize a connection to a wealthy heritage.
“Genuine Jewish Mexican delicacies is a testomony to the resilience of the neighborhood and their potential to adapt to new environments.”
- Challah Bread: A conventional braided bread, usually served on Shabbat, and utilized in many Jewish culinary traditions.
- Gefilte Fish: A dish of poached fish, usually served as an appetizer or important course, and often loved throughout Jewish holidays.
- Latkes: Crispy potato pancakes, a staple in Jewish delicacies, usually served throughout Hanukkah, however appreciated year-round.
Culinary Traditions Reflecting Group Historical past
The recipes, preparation strategies, and elements utilized in Jewish Mexican delicacies present an enchanting glimpse into the neighborhood’s historical past. From the spices used to the precise cooking methods, every aspect tells a narrative.
Position of Jewish Cooking in Sustaining Cultural Identification
Jewish cooking performs a major position in sustaining cultural id. The transmission of recipes and traditions by means of generations ensures the continuity of the neighborhood’s cultural heritage. These culinary practices symbolize a tangible hyperlink to the previous and a supply of pleasure and belonging.
Sensible Info for Guests
Navigating a brand new metropolis, particularly one with a wealthy historical past like Mexico Metropolis, could be a breeze with the appropriate preparation. This part offers important particulars to make sure a clean and pleasant journey by means of the Jewish quarter and past. From visa necessities to transportation suggestions, we have got you coated.
Visa Necessities
Understanding visa conditions is essential for a seamless journey. Entry necessities for Mexico range based mostly on nationality. It is important to verify the official web site of the Mexican embassy or consulate in your nation for probably the most up-to-date and correct info. This info is dynamic and adjustments often.
| Nationality | Visa Requirement |
|---|---|
| United States Residents | Typically, U.S. residents can get hold of a vacationer visa on arrival for stays as much as 90 days. |
| European Union Residents | Residents of most EU international locations can enter Mexico visa-free for vacationer stays of as much as 90 days. |
| Different Nationalities | Seek the advice of the Mexican embassy or consulate in your nation for particular visa necessities. |
Contact Info
Staying related with native assets is significant for any customer. Under are invaluable contact particulars for numerous tour operators and neighborhood facilities, enabling you to get in contact and prepare excursions or discover out extra concerning the native Jewish neighborhood.
| Group | Contact Info |
|---|---|
| Jewish Group Middle of Mexico Metropolis | [Insert Phone Number and Email Address] |
| [Tour Operator 1 Name] | [Insert Phone Number and Email Address] |
| [Tour Operator 2 Name] | [Insert Phone Number and Email Address] |
Lodging Choices
Discovering appropriate lodging close to Jewish websites could be made simpler by selecting lodging strategically. Search for resorts or Airbnb leases close to the town heart or in neighborhoods with proximity to synagogues and historic websites.
- Contemplate staying within the Roma Norte or Condesa neighborhoods, identified for his or her proximity to historic websites and vibrant cultural experiences.
- Resorts in these areas sometimes provide a great steadiness of consolation and handy entry to necessary websites.
- On-line journey businesses and reserving platforms could be invaluable instruments in finding these lodging choices.
Transportation Choices
Mexico Metropolis gives quite a lot of transportation choices. The metro system is in depth and environment friendly, offering a cheap approach to navigate the town. Taxis and ride-sharing companies are additionally available, providing a extra versatile strategy to journey. Contemplate using the metro for environment friendly journey inside the metropolis heart and its environs.
- The metro system offers an in depth community, making it a super possibility for getting across the metropolis rapidly and simply.
- Taxis and ride-sharing companies are available, providing extra customized and versatile journey experiences.
- Contemplate using native transportation apps for real-time updates and fare estimations, making navigation and value administration extra handy.
Finest Instances to Go to
Mexico Metropolis’s local weather and cultural occasions affect the very best time to go to. The dry season, sometimes from November to April, gives nice climate, excellent for exploring the town. Sure festivals and occasions could happen throughout particular instances of the 12 months. Researching these occasions upfront might help tailor your journey to coincide with them.
- The dry season (November to April) gives snug climate, excellent for exploring.
- Particular occasions and festivals could happen throughout explicit instances, so researching upfront might help align your go to with these occasions.
- Festivals and celebrations, notably throughout non secular holidays, usually create a novel ambiance for experiencing the native tradition.
Important Phrases
Studying primary Spanish phrases associated to Jewish heritage can improve your interactions with locals and deepen your cultural understanding. These phrases can even facilitate communication with people who could not converse English. Studying just a few key phrases could make your interactions way more significant and pleasant.
¡Shalom! (Hiya!)¡Buen provecho! (Get pleasure from your meal!)¿Dónde está la sinagoga? (The place is the synagogue?)
Visible Illustration
The colourful tapestry of Jewish life in Mexico Metropolis is richly illustrated by the visible aesthetic of its neighborhood gatherings, conventional clothes, properties, celebrations, and locations of worship. These visible representations provide a window into the distinctive mix of Jewish traditions and Mexican tradition. The visible parts mirror the enduring spirit and resilience of the Jewish neighborhood, each traditionally and within the current day.
Jewish Group Gatherings
Jewish neighborhood gatherings in Mexico Metropolis usually characteristic a energetic ambiance, marked by heat and shared traditions. Think about a bustling social gathering, maybe a Shabbat dinner or a vacation celebration, crammed with the sounds of laughter, dialog, and the clinking of glasses. Folks could be wearing a mixture of conventional and up to date clothes, creating a novel mix of types.
The air could be crammed with the aroma of scrumptious meals, ready in accordance with Jewish dietary legal guidelines (kashrut).
Conventional Jewish Clothes
Illustrations of conventional Jewish clothes would showcase a variety of types, reflecting the neighborhood’s historical past and the affect of Mexican aesthetics. Ladies would possibly put on elegant clothes with intricate embroidery, or maybe a head overlaying (a tichel or a hat) in quite a lot of colors. Males is perhaps seen in conventional fits or coats, maybe with a yarmulke (kippah) on their heads.
The clothes would additionally range relying on the precise event and the person’s private preferences. Illustrations would assist depict the range and richness of those clothes selections.
Typical Jewish Dwelling
A typical Jewish house in Mexico Metropolis could possibly be depicted as a heat and alluring house, mixing parts of Mexican design with conventional Jewish decor. The house would seemingly incorporate conventional Jewish symbols, comparable to mezuzahs, or ornamental parts associated to Jewish holidays. The inside could be adorned with paintings, household photographs, and gadgets reflecting the values and traditions of the neighborhood.
This mix of cultural influences would create a novel and welcoming ambiance.
Conventional Jewish Celebrations and Ceremonies
Illustrations of conventional Jewish celebrations and ceremonies would seize the enjoyment and solemnity of those events. The illustrations may depict the joyous ambiance of a marriage, the solemnity of a bar mitzvah, or the celebration of a vacation like Passover or Rosh Hashanah. The illustrations may additionally showcase the precise rituals and customs related to these events, such because the breaking of the glass at a marriage, the studying of the Torah, or the sharing of conventional meals.
Synagogue in Mexico Metropolis
A synagogue in Mexico Metropolis could possibly be illustrated as a good looking architectural construction, showcasing a harmonious mix of Mexican and Jewish architectural parts. The synagogue’s exterior is perhaps adorned with intricate tilework, creating a visible concord with the encompassing surroundings. The inside would seemingly characteristic a outstanding ark (aron kodesh) for the Torah scrolls, in addition to prayer areas and seating for congregants.
The design would evoke a way of religious reverence and neighborhood.
Jewish Market
A Jewish market in Mexico Metropolis could be a vibrant and bustling place, crammed with the sights and sounds of a standard market. The market could be a testomony to the neighborhood’s culinary traditions. Illustrations would showcase the varied array of meals, spices, and different merchandise bought on the market, reflecting the neighborhood’s culinary heritage. The ambiance could be one in all vitality and pleasure, the place individuals from all walks of life come collectively to purchase and promote items.
The market would mirror the wealthy and various cultural id of the neighborhood.
Connecting with the Group
Mexico Metropolis’s vibrant Jewish neighborhood warmly welcomes guests desperate to expertise their wealthy tapestry of traditions and tradition. Past the historic websites and scrumptious delicacies, a key a part of the journey lies in connecting with the individuals who make this neighborhood so particular. This includes greater than only a fast go to; it is about partaking in significant interactions and appreciating the native perspective.Understanding the significance of respectful interactions and cultural sensitivity fosters real connections.
By partaking with the neighborhood in a considerate manner, guests can enrich their expertise and achieve a deeper appreciation for the native Jewish id. Group occasions are very important for fostering a way of belonging and offering alternatives for interplay.
Alternatives for Group Involvement
Guests can interact with the neighborhood by means of numerous avenues, from attending native occasions to volunteering. This fosters a deeper understanding and appreciation of the cultural nuances. Studying concerning the neighborhood’s values and traditions by means of direct interplay is essential to constructing significant connections.
- Attending neighborhood occasions:
- Volunteering:
- Collaborating in guided excursions:
- Visiting native companies:
Festivals, celebrations, and gatherings are wonderful platforms for interacting with native residents. Observing the distinctive customs and traditions of the Jewish neighborhood in Mexico Metropolis could be an enriching expertise. These occasions provide an opportunity to share tales and construct relationships.
Many organizations inside the neighborhood are all the time in search of volunteers. Whether or not it is aiding with an area undertaking or offering assist throughout a special day, volunteering offers a novel alternative to straight contribute to the neighborhood. This tangible contribution fosters a deeper connection.
Guided excursions usually embody interactive parts, enabling guests to delve deeper into the historical past and tradition. These excursions can introduce guests to area people members, creating alternatives for significant interplay. Excursions are an effective way to be taught extra concerning the neighborhood.
Supporting native companies owned by members of the neighborhood offers a tangible approach to take part of their financial well-being. This straightforward act demonstrates assist and fosters a way of neighborhood. This creates a mutually helpful alternate, demonstrating respect and appreciation for the neighborhood.
Respectful Interactions
“Respectful interactions are the cornerstone of significant connections.”
Respecting native customs and traditions is significant to constructing bridges and fostering optimistic relationships. Demonstrating real curiosity in the neighborhood’s distinctive id by means of attentive listening and open-mindedness strengthens the bonds between guests and residents. Lively listening and considerate consideration of native customs are essential to constructing optimistic relationships.
- Cultural Sensitivity:
- Lively Listening:
- Applicable Costume and Conduct:
Being conscious of cultural variations and sensitivities is essential for making a optimistic expertise for everybody. Studying about native customs, traditions, and etiquette helps guests navigate interactions successfully and respectfully. This demonstrates an appreciation for the distinctive cultural id.
Actively listening to the views and experiences of native residents fosters understanding and mutual respect. Open-mindedness and a willingness to interact in dialogue construct stronger connections. Displaying curiosity within the viewpoints of others creates a extra profound understanding.
Respectful apparel and conduct are important throughout visits to spiritual or cultural websites. This demonstrates a real appreciation for the native customs and traditions. This creates a optimistic and respectful ambiance for all members.
Group Organizations
This desk offers an inventory of native organizations providing neighborhood involvement alternatives. It is necessary to contact every group on to inquire about particular alternatives and tips.
| Group Identify | Contact Info | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Jewish Group Middle of Mexico Metropolis | [Insert Contact Information] | Presents numerous applications and actions for members of the neighborhood and guests. |
| [Organization Name 2] | [Insert Contact Information] | Focuses on [brief description of the organization’s work]. |
| [Organization Name 3] | [Insert Contact Information] | [brief description of the organization’s work]. |
